Journal: Disease Markers

Article Title: Low UGP2 Expression Is Associated with Tumour Progression and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

doi: 10.1155/2020/3231273

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation of clinicopathological characteristics with UGP2 expression in the ZZU HCC cohort.

Article Snippet: After 30 min of blocking with 10% bovine serum albumin, sections were incubated with a UGP2 primary antibody (1 : 100; ProteinTech Group, Inc.) at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Disease Markers

Article Title: Low UGP2 Expression Is Associated with Tumour Progression and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

doi: 10.1155/2020/3231273

Figure Lengend Snippet: UGP2 expression is frequently dysregulated in cancer. (a) UGP2 mRNA expression level from the TCGA dataset compared with normal tissues. (b) UGP2 protein expression in pancancer tissues and paired nontumour tissues. (c) Representative UGP2 histological scoring in pancancer tissues and paired nontumour tissues. UGP2: uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2; TCGA: The Cancer Genome Atlas.

Article Snippet: After 30 min of blocking with 10% bovine serum albumin, sections were incubated with a UGP2 primary antibody (1 : 100; ProteinTech Group, Inc.) at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Disease Markers

Article Title: Low UGP2 Expression Is Associated with Tumour Progression and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

doi: 10.1155/2020/3231273

Figure Lengend Snippet: UGP2 mRNA levels and protein expression are significantly downregulated in HCC. (a) The UGP2 expression level was significantly lower in HCC tissues than in adjacent nontumour tissues in the TCGA cohort and GEO datasets. (b) A representative IHC image of UGP2 expression in HCC and normal tissues. (c) Representative images of UGP2 staining in HCC tissues. (d) The UGP2 expression level in HCC tissues was lower than that in paired nontumour tissues in the ZZU HCC cohort. UGP2: uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2; TCGA: The Cancer Genome Atlas; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus; IHC: immunohistochemistry.

Article Snippet: After 30 min of blocking with 10% bovine serum albumin, sections were incubated with a UGP2 primary antibody (1 : 100; ProteinTech Group, Inc.) at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Expressing, Staining, Gene Expression, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Disease Markers

Article Title: Low UGP2 Expression Is Associated with Tumour Progression and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

doi: 10.1155/2020/3231273

Figure Lengend Snippet: ROC curve analysis of UGP2 expression in HCC. (a–f) ROC curve analysis of UGP2 expression in HCC from the TCGA, GSE36376, GSE76297, GSE54236, GSE14520, and GSE64041 datasets. UGP2: uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2; TCGA: The Cancer Genome Atlas; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; ROC: receiver operating characteristic.

Article Snippet: After 30 min of blocking with 10% bovine serum albumin, sections were incubated with a UGP2 primary antibody (1 : 100; ProteinTech Group, Inc.) at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Disease Markers

Article Title: Low UGP2 Expression Is Associated with Tumour Progression and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

doi: 10.1155/2020/3231273

Figure Lengend Snippet: Downregulated UGP2 expression predicts a poor prognosis in HCC patients in the TCGA cohort. (a, b) Kaplan-Meier survival curves showing the correlation between UGP2 expression levels and the OS/PFS of HCC patients in the TCGA cohort. (c, d) Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that OS/PFS was shorter in HCC patients in the TCGA cohort with low UGP2 expression levels regardless of the TNM stage. (e, f) GSEA of the relationship between low UGP2 expression levels and the survival of HCC patients in the TCGA cohort. UGP2: uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2; TCGA: The Cancer Genome Atlas; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; OS: overall survival; PFS: progression-free survival; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma.

Article Snippet: After 30 min of blocking with 10% bovine serum albumin, sections were incubated with a UGP2 primary antibody (1 : 100; ProteinTech Group, Inc.) at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Disease Markers

Article Title: Low UGP2 Expression Is Associated with Tumour Progression and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

doi: 10.1155/2020/3231273

Figure Lengend Snippet: Downregulated UGP2 expression predicts a poor prognosis in HCC patients in the ZZU cohort. (a) Kaplan-Meier survival curves showing the correlation between UGP2 expression levels and the OS of HCC patients in the ZZU cohort. (b) Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that OS was short in HCC patients in the ZZU cohort with low UGP2 expression levels regardless of the TNM stage. UGP2: uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; OS: overall survival; TNM: tumour-node-metastasis.

Article Snippet: After 30 min of blocking with 10% bovine serum albumin, sections were incubated with a UGP2 primary antibody (1 : 100; ProteinTech Group, Inc.) at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Disease Markers

Article Title: Low UGP2 Expression Is Associated with Tumour Progression and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

doi: 10.1155/2020/3231273

Figure Lengend Snippet: Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of risk factors for overall survival time in the ZZU HCC cohort.

Article Snippet: After 30 min of blocking with 10% bovine serum albumin, sections were incubated with a UGP2 primary antibody (1 : 100; ProteinTech Group, Inc.) at 4°C overnight.

Techniques:

Journal: Disease Markers

Article Title: Low UGP2 Expression Is Associated with Tumour Progression and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

doi: 10.1155/2020/3231273

Figure Lengend Snippet: UGP2 has potential roles in fatty acid metabolism. (a) KEGG functional enrichment analysis showing the potential mechanism of UGP2 in HCC. (b) GSEA of the relationship between low UGP2 expression and genes associated with fatty acid metabolism. (c–g) The scatter plots show that UGP2 expression is markedly correlated with genes involved in fatty acid metabolism. UGP2: uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma.

Article Snippet: After 30 min of blocking with 10% bovine serum albumin, sections were incubated with a UGP2 primary antibody (1 : 100; ProteinTech Group, Inc.) at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Functional Assay, Expressing

Journal: Current Issues in Molecular Biology

Article Title: Role of UGP2 as a Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Tumor Progression, Diagnosis, and Prognosis

doi: 10.3390/cimb47121043

Figure Lengend Snippet: Low expression of UGP2 in CRC tumor tissues. ( A ) Differentially expressed proteins in CRC tissues, and UGP2 is one of the significantly downregulated proteins in CRC tissues. ( B ) shows the results of relative quantitative analysis of UGP2 protein ( Q16851 ) in human colorectal tissues by PRM (Normal, n = 3; Tumor, n = 3). ( C ) shows protein expression of UGP2 in CRC using the CPTAC database (Normal, n = 100; Primary tumor, n = 97). ( D , E ) show the expression of UGP2 in pan-cancer in unpaired (COAD: Normal, n = 41; Tumor, n = 480. READ: Normal, n = 10; Tumor, n = 167) and paired samples (COAD: Normal, n = 41; Tumor, n = 41. READ: Normal, n = 9; Tumor, n = 9) from the TCGA and (if applicable) GTEx database. ( F – I ) show lower expression of UGP2 in CRC tumor tissues in both unpaired (Normal, n = 51; Tumor, n = 619) and paired (Normal, n = 50; Tumor, n = 50) samples from the TCGA database ( F , G ) and the GEO database (Normal, n = 19; Tumor, n = 743) (Adjacent nontumor, n = 55; Tumor, n = 55) ( H , I ). ( J ) shows the mRNA expression of UGP2 by qTR-PCR (Normal, n = 54; Tumor, n = 112). ( K ) shows the protein expression of UGP2 as determined by Western blot (Normal, n = 30; Tumor, n = 27). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ns, p ≥ 0.05; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Primary monoclonal antibodies against human UGP2, obtained from mice (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), and GAPDH, obtained from rabbits (Affinity Biosciences, Longmont, CO, USA), were used.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot

Journal: Current Issues in Molecular Biology

Article Title: Role of UGP2 as a Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Tumor Progression, Diagnosis, and Prognosis

doi: 10.3390/cimb47121043

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation analysis of UGP2-related DEGs and functional enrichment analysis in CRC. ( A ) Volcano plot of the UGP2-related DEGs. Significantly upregulated (red) and downregulated (blue) genes are defined by |log2FC| > 1 and adj. p < 0.05. ( B ) PPI network of the top 20 hub genes derived from the DEGs. ( C ) Co-expression heatmap of UGP2 and the top 20 hub genes. ( D ) Co-expression heatmap of the top 20 UGP2-most-correlated DEGs. ( E – G ) GO enrichment analysis of UGP2-related DEGs, categorized into biological process ( E ), cellular component ( F ), and molecular function ( G ). The top significantly enriched terms are shown based on enrichment score. ( H ) KEGG enrichment analysis for UGP2-related DEGs. The most significantly enriched pathways are displayed. ( I ) GSEA enrichment plot for the UGP2-related DEGs. The normalized enrichment score (NES), p .adj , and false discovery rate (FDR) are provided.

Article Snippet: Primary monoclonal antibodies against human UGP2, obtained from mice (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), and GAPDH, obtained from rabbits (Affinity Biosciences, Longmont, CO, USA), were used.

Techniques: Functional Assay, Derivative Assay, Expressing

Journal: Current Issues in Molecular Biology

Article Title: Role of UGP2 as a Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Tumor Progression, Diagnosis, and Prognosis

doi: 10.3390/cimb47121043

Figure Lengend Snippet: UGP2 promoter methylation levels and their clinical significance in CRC. ( A ) Schematic diagram of CpG sites located in the promoter region of UGP2 . ( B , C ) Comparison of promoter methylation levels of UGP2 between normal and primary tumor tissues in READ (Normal, n = 7; Primary tumor, n = 98) and COAD (Normal, n = 37; Primary tumor, n = 313). ( D ) Methylation patterns of UGP2 -associated CpG sites in clinical subgroups. Heatmap displays methylation β-values for 29 CpG sites, with clinical annotations (chemotherapy, race, BMI, age, event) and genomic context. ( E ) High methylation of the UGP2 CpG site cg19831529 is associated with worse overall survival in CRC patients (Log-rank test, p = 0.032; Hazard Ratio, HR = 1.895). ns, p ≥ 0.05; ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Primary monoclonal antibodies against human UGP2, obtained from mice (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), and GAPDH, obtained from rabbits (Affinity Biosciences, Longmont, CO, USA), were used.

Techniques: Methylation, Comparison

Journal: Current Issues in Molecular Biology

Article Title: Role of UGP2 as a Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Tumor Progression, Diagnosis, and Prognosis

doi: 10.3390/cimb47121043

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation between UGP2 expression and immune infiltration in CRC. ( A ) Correlation between the expression of UGP2 and 24 immune cell types. ( B – E ) Box plots showing the correlation between high and low UGP2 expression groups and Th cells, Tcm, Th2 cells, and macrophages. ( F – I ) Scatter plots show the correlation between the expression of UGP2 and the enrichment of Th cells, Tcm, Th2 cells, and macrophages. ns, p ≥ 0.05; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Primary monoclonal antibodies against human UGP2, obtained from mice (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), and GAPDH, obtained from rabbits (Affinity Biosciences, Longmont, CO, USA), were used.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Current Issues in Molecular Biology

Article Title: Role of UGP2 as a Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Tumor Progression, Diagnosis, and Prognosis

doi: 10.3390/cimb47121043

Figure Lengend Snippet: Diagnostic and prognostic significance of differential UGP2 expression in patients. ( A ) ROC analysis with UGP2 as the variable was used to evaluate its diagnostic significance; the area under the ROC curve was 0.990. ( B , C ) Survival curves comparing the OS and PFI between UGP2 high and low expression groups, ( D – L ) Cox regression analysis comparing the UGP2 high and low expression groups across different subgroups, including pathological T stages, pathological M stage, pathological stage, sex, age, and other clinical factors, to evaluate their impact on CRC prognosis.

Article Snippet: Primary monoclonal antibodies against human UGP2, obtained from mice (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), and GAPDH, obtained from rabbits (Affinity Biosciences, Longmont, CO, USA), were used.

Techniques: Diagnostic Assay, Expressing

Journal: Current Issues in Molecular Biology

Article Title: Role of UGP2 as a Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Tumor Progression, Diagnosis, and Prognosis

doi: 10.3390/cimb47121043

Figure Lengend Snippet: Downregulation of UGP2 promotes proliferation and migration and inhibites apoptosis in CRC cells. ( A ) mRNA expression of UGP2 is significantly downregulated after transfection of UGP2 siRNA into HCT116 and SW480 cell lines. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3), vs. NC group (two-way ANOVA). ( B , C ) CCK-8 assay shows the proliferation rate of control and UGP2 -knockdown in HCT116 and SW480 cells over 5 days. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 5), vs. NC group (two-way ANOVA). ( D , E ) Transwell assay shows the migration of control and UGP2 -knockdown in HCT116 and SW480 cells. The representative images are shown (scale bar, 50 μm; 20× objective). Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 16), vs. NC group (Student’s t -test). ( F , G ) Flow cytometry analysis shows the apoptosis rate of control and UGP2 -knockdown in HCT116 and SW480 cells. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 6), vs. NC group (Student’s t -test). ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Primary monoclonal antibodies against human UGP2, obtained from mice (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), and GAPDH, obtained from rabbits (Affinity Biosciences, Longmont, CO, USA), were used.

Techniques: Migration, Expressing, Transfection, CCK-8 Assay, Control, Knockdown, Transwell Assay, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Current Issues in Molecular Biology

Article Title: Role of UGP2 as a Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Tumor Progression, Diagnosis, and Prognosis

doi: 10.3390/cimb47121043

Figure Lengend Snippet: Upregulation of UGP2 inhibited proliferation and migration and promoted apoptosis in CRC cells. ( A ) mRNA expression of UGP2 is significantly upregulated after transfection of UGP2 overexpression plasmid into HCT116 and SW480 cell lines. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 4), vs. NC group (two-way ANOVA). ( B , C ) CCK-8 assay shows the proliferation rate of control and UGP2 -overexpression in HCT116 and SW480 cells over 5 days. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 5), vs. NC group (two-way ANOVA). ( D , E ) Transwell assay shows the migration of control and UGP2 - overexpression in HCT116 and SW480 cells. The representative images are shown (scale bar, 50 μm; 20× objective). Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 14), vs. NC group (Student’s t -test). ( F , G ) Flow cytometry analysis shows the apoptosis rate of control and UGP2 -overexpression in HCT116 and SW480 cells. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 6), vs. NC group (Student’s t -test). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Primary monoclonal antibodies against human UGP2, obtained from mice (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), and GAPDH, obtained from rabbits (Affinity Biosciences, Longmont, CO, USA), were used.

Techniques: Migration, Expressing, Transfection, Over Expression, Plasmid Preparation, CCK-8 Assay, Control, Transwell Assay, Flow Cytometry